Quarter cracks.

This year one of the favorites for the Kentucky Derby is suffering from a second (mild) quarter crack, which is putting his chances of running in doubt. Last year’s winner Big Brown is infamous for his crappy feet. Some people believe that the current runner Quality Road may have gotten his two cracks from the Gulfstream Park track, which is apparently notoriously hard.

So I have a few questions.

  1. How does a quarter crack form? How does it affect a horse? What happens if you don’t treat it?
  2. What are the possible causes of quarter cracks? Is it care? Breeding/genetics? The environment?
  3. How do you heal a quarter crack? I read about vets patching quarter cracks, and people saying that the best way is for the hoof to grow out completely. And what would be the reason to apply poultices? Are infections associated with quarter cracks or is it a preventative measure?
  4. How do you prevent quarter cracks? What causes brittle hooves?

I’d really like to know and could use some education. And luckily Quality Road has some quality connections who won’t run him if he’s not fit.

I would concur that a portion of the issue is poor genetics. My mother’s TB has notoriously poor feet (he can’t exist without being fully shod, or his feet crumble). On the other hand, I’ve had several hunters that were JC registered TB’s with wonderful feet (I think it largely depends on family, and overall quality of the horse).

  Additionally, I’ve been told by trainers in the past that racehorses are particularly susceptible to quarter cracks because of the stress their hooves endure (galloping full-tilt on dirt is very hard on the horse’s feet, not to mention body). This is exacerbated by the notion that horses on the track are hosed nearly daily, and cold therapy (AKA ice cold water from the hose) is used on their legs to keep them ‘tight’ and pull any heat away. The wet-dry cycle, on a daily basis, is notorious for destroying feet. 

It’s true - the only way to completely heal a quarter crack is to let the foot grow out, which takes about a year.
The only method of maintenance is applying patches. This not only evens out the foot (so the weight bearing edge of the hoof is ‘level’), but it plugs the hole to prevent infections (which could result in an abscess, etc…)

I’ve never used a poultice on hooves, but it’s usually used to pull heat out of the leg and ‘tighten’ them up.

As for preventing quarter cracks: There are several products on the market that are feed supplements which contain biotin as the usual ingredient. I have heard of people feeding vegetarian gelatin to horses as well; the keratin is the key component for hoof cells.

Overall, I’m sure that these horses are on a slew of supplements, so my instinct suggests that the problems Quality Road has, are related to genetics and the issues associated with being a racehorse (stress, etc…)

Thanks for the info. We just learned today that Quality Road will not be running in the Kentucky Derby and they’re going to let the foot be for a while. He bled a little during Saturday’s gallop. In all likelihood he’ll be running in a few weeks with a patch. I also found out that his family does have a history of bad feet, plus apparently the racetrack he raced on - Gulfstream Park - had been particularly hard during his last race in which he set a record. And I remember reading something about long toes and no heels on TBs, which is really bizarre. How the hell do they run the way they do with feet like flippers?

It’s funny; when Big Brown was running people got angry and defensive when the topic of his bad feet came up. They insisted that it had nothing to do with genetics, even though Boundary his sire apparently had bad feet as well. And some people said genetics had nothing to do with bad feet. Well now I know that sometimes genetics can be the problem, just not the only one.

Again, thanks. I learn something new all the time.

Thoroughbred foot conformation definitely does have a longer toe and less heel…even the TB mare I know, who never set a toe on a racetrack has feet that shape.

On the other hand, now she’s only doing arena work (She’s twenty and semi-retired) she’s fine barefoot, so the conformation doesn’t have anything to do with it.

Quarter cracks are not caused by hoof conformation. They are caused by poor hoof quality, which can result from lack of certain nutrients (I’d imagine most racehorses are on hoof quality supplementation), poor farriery work or genetics.

Hoof quality in racehorses pretty much has to be genetics.

I’m glad I could be of help! Let me add a bit more for clarity.

The angle on the hoof is a direct correlation to the angle of the pastern. Farriers try to match that angle in the pastern so the break-over in movement is at the right place in the gait.
This isn’t set as ‘gospel’, but as for TB’s conformation: TB’s tend to have longer, slopey pasterns, which create a more acute angle with the ground. Ergo, longer toes. I will add that my own TB mare has a slow growing heel, but her feet are pretty textbook (and yes, she’s off the track).

I do believe that the stress associated to racing aggravates the problem; Quality Road probably wouldn’t have these problems if he were under less stressful work. Physics isn’t kind to small TB feet when you’re on the receiving end of 1000lbs in motion. Additionally, we can’t forget the point I made above: hosing the horses daily saturates the feet and leaving them in a stall with sawdust or working them on a dirt track will dry them out.  Ultimately, the hoof wall begins to separate and becomes brittle, losing it’s elastic quality.

Considering what we do to them, I think we’re asking for super-feet in racehorses. Is it something the industry should address? Of course. I’m a horse person; my mantra is “No hoof, No horse…” But! Let’s hope they pull horses like Unbridled’s Song from stud duty first… I think he presents a much more severe and expensive unsoundness issue.  Old Fashioned fractured his knee and was retired.  And let’s not forget Unbridled Elaine, Eight Belles, etc… The list goes on.

Well actually things are pretty mixed with regards to Unbridled’s Song. He does get very sound horses. The problem is that he tends to sire very precocious youngsters who also tend to be huge. So these horses get rushed to the sales, and then to the track. They’re rarely given time to grow into their bodies, which have led to injuries and breakdowns. Also, since UBS is a very popular sire his get’s breakdowns are more newsworthy. I also believe genetics play into it, although people have cited all the different types of injuries and how many of them occur by accident. it really does seem suspicious how a disproportionate number of UBS horses seem to get injured/euthanized compared to other stallions’.

Maybe if we do remove UBS from stud people will no longer have youngsters to push until their bodies break down from the wear and stress. Overall, it’s really sad, but money talks.

does anyone know if they have looked at other stallions, since poor UBS is getting picked on due to the fact a lot of his get are breaking down? I mean, you can’t tell me he’s the only one that sires horses that break down–he is big, which yes leads to his foals having a very large chance of being big and, like you mentioned, pushed cuz they look like racers right off the bat at 2.  There are other stallions I’m sure that have faults that are being passed on that in turn are starting weaken the breed–I feel that this should be looked at too and breeding have more control to help get the breed back to where it was.

Most stud books have breed requirements or they have very high standards that MUST be met before any stallion or even mare can reproduce.  With the Thoroughbred, it seems that they don’t look at the confirmation of the horse to see if they are breeding worthy–just their preformance over the length of their career, the bloodlines they come from or both.  The bigger the names of the races the stallion/mare ran in and won, the higher chance they stand at stud.  Even more so if that horse is from a stallion that is ‘fad’ at the moment to breed to.

LOL, this turned into a rant but I hope you see the point I’m making here…thought I would add my 2 cents.

–kayte of Diamond Dale

I know Germany has very strict rules. Correct me if I’m wrong but I believe stallions must have at least one Group I win and have to have raced with no drugs in their systems throughout their career at all.

I know a few Tiznows have broken down, but that’s just off a list someone had been diligently compiling, so they happened away from the big tracks. The three exceptions I know of are Folklore, Tiz Wonderful, and Tough Tiz’s Sis - high profile horses that got injured and either never came back or tried and couldn’t. I find it interesting that both Folklore and Tiz Wonderful are out of Storm Cat line mares, but with TTS…people say that to run with Baffert and remain healthy for that long says something. Maybe in TTS’ case it really was an accident.

I might have heard something about Storm Cat, but I can’t remember what. I hear next to nothing about the Indys, but from what I remember many either do get hurt or get rushed off to stud a la Bernardini.

People also haven’t had the best things to say about UBS’ stallion sons. And many are suspicious of Big Brown because of his and, apparently, his sire Boundary’s terrible feet.

These are just the things I’ve picked up all over the place, so whatever I said here isn’t all that accurate. Also, people do point to training regimens and surfaces and focus; horses in Europe share NA bloodlines but they last much longer and (as far as I can tell) have fewer breakdowns than we do. Is it about medication? The surface(s)? How they’re trained? What kind of races they aim for?

I didn’t mean to directly pick on Unbridled’s Song, but I believe he is the most obvious; not only have a significant number of his get have broken down, but he was also retired due to a broken leg. It’s true; his offspring are very recognizable. Most are usually heavy, built horses, 16.3+ with very long, spindly legs and teacup ankles. I think it’s very clear here that conformation was not an causal attribute in the decision of putting him to stud. His sire, Unbridled, had a similar problem…

What’s up with Big Brown’s conformation? I’m far from an expert - I love horses but haven’t been around them enough to know - and he looks like a nice, stout horse. Is it something that the more trained eyes can pick up?

What did the woman mean by “dancer’s legs” when breeding In Reality x In Reality? (at least TTS made a good mudder when she wasn’t hit in the face by it,  ;D) Also, it’s ridiculously easy to pick out a Storm Cat; most of them resemble Quarter Horses (imho).

I am optimistic that this recession makes a positive impact on the American Thoroughbred, especially because there may be less incentive to retire a horse to stud too soon. The longer people keep horses in training, perhaps the more we can weed out the best from the mediocre and stop paying so much attention to who’s got the fanciest, most drool worthy pedigree. Problem is that there is still money to be made in the sales ring, which has dominated the sport for too long. People would pay to have good bloodlines, regardless of whether or not the horse can last long in the sport. People want fast 2YOs/3YOs, which always leaves the older horse division depleted of potential talent (except the grass horses; nobody wants grass horses).

I have the enormous Bloodhorse Stallion Register book and you have no idea just how many horses are listed in there that should’ve had their balls cut long ago. Just because he’s a Storm Cat or an Unbridled’s Song doesn’t mean he should be standing even in a regional market. If the market needs a stallion to upgrade mares, then maybe but there are just sooooo many SC and UBS stallions that it just drives me insane. Some people on other boards seem to think that every stallion should be given a chance “just in case we find a Northern Dancer or a Mr. Prospector”, but do we really need that many stallions servicing that many mares? I’d be willing to give up the chance to find a diamond in the rough to keep the American Thoroughbred healthy, fast, sound, and full of genetic variety.

There are many people I know who want more route races. There are others who think that we should do away with all route races, because “they’re boring.” We already have enough (dirt) sprints; isn’t it time to bring back the 2 mile Jockey Club Gold Cup? People also seem to believe that you can train a horse to go a route, but you can’t train a horse to have speed. Well I half-agree with them, but it’s always nice to have a horse with at least some stamina in his genetic makeup.

There was that awful post on fuglyhorseoftheday about the polo ponies, and the majority of the comments were on steroids and medication (and selenium; they figured it way before the pharmacy and the vets did). People began mentioning Winstrol, which was what Big Brown was on - apparently it helps with a horse’s appetite but also makes him/her aggressive. Idk if BB was ever aggressive (off track) but I saw a huge difference in him pre-Belmont and post-Belmont; he was scrawnier, leaner, and he was no longer as dominating. He still won, though, which is a testament to his guts. I never liked him (I tend to dislike Northern Dancer-line horses, pet peeve of mine) but that’s something to be commended.

I did like Da’Tara’s pedigree - In Reality x Ribot is not something you see everyday. Too bad he’s done next to nothing since…but he’d make a decent outcross prospect for all the inbred Raise A Native/Northern Dancer/Nasrullah-line mares. The question is - should he ever be considered for stud duty? Or should he be gelded at the end of his career and rehabbed for another career?

Why do you think this would be?

Just for added ‘interesting’ info… I found this in NYTimes today…
Many Derby Owners Silent On Drug Issue

Winstrol is the common, brandname for Stanozolol. It is classified as an anabolic steroid and I believe it’s derived from testosterone.  Because of this, I think it’s pretty logical to assume that it will totally increase a horses appetite, helps with bone density and red cell production, as well as… muscle development. I think Dutrow was kinda trying to pull a fast one when he claimed that he had no idea what effect it had on the horses, and only used it to ‘increase they’re appetite’…  It’s approved for use in humans, too (in which it has similar effects, which is why I’m suspicious of his lack of knowledge…)

Regarding “dancer’s legs” - It was a negative description of very fine legs, with long cannon bones and way-too long pasterns. In response to Big Brown, he is a beautiful horse. He’s put together alright. As a disclaimer, I have not seen him in person, so I will completely sway if someone else has… But I feel like he’s a bit weak behind in all of the photo’s I’ve seen. The angle from his hip to hock is a bit too straight and his haunches in general look underdeveloped, which makes me question his carrying power. Now, I’m not expecting them to all have Secretariat butts, really… I’m no QH lady… But compare him to some of the older American TB’s - Damascus, Sword Dancer, Herbager, Buckpasser.  He’s weak behind compared to all of them. In addition, clearly I can’t shake the poor feet, especially give that his sire was also infamously known for having bad quality feet.
Right now, I kinda have a stallion crush on Yes It’s True.

My own mare is wicked line-bred to Northern Dancer.  I agree; it’s not my first choice in race pedigree, but they’re wonderful sport horses, and they out-cross nicely to WBs (totally taking advantage of the ‘hybrid-vigor’ theory).

Da’Tara = Stallion. You’re totally right; He’s a brilliant outcross for most mares, albeit himself an a-typical cross as far as Alan Porter is concerned (especially with the relatively low overall concentration of Phalaris in comparison to most).

WORD. Unfortunately, it’s “where the money’s at” as they say…  And, yeah… As Shanthi outlined, it’s an expensive game; my bet is that if they can be the leading sire in BFE-Louisiana, they’ll do it for $5K a breeding.  Look at what happened to Favorite Trick in New Mexico. :frowning:

PS. I ADORE fuglyhorseoftheday.

I haven’t seen a sound Songandaprayer foal yet. His babies are lightning fast but breakdown at an alarming rate.

Shanthi, I have thought about the cheap studs but I have been reading forum posts here and there about people deciding not to breed their mares because of the recession. Stud fees have been dropping, but that probably won’t hurt the big stud farms as much as the smaller farms. I feel that there isn’t as much demand for a stallion to retire as opposed to racing for a few more years, but I know less about regional markets and small racetracks (let alone the world of WBs and sports horses) so I could be totally off in terms of demand and upkeep.

One interesting thing is that it wouldn’t cost as much to keep a horse in training if we cut out unnecessary vet bills. Definitely something to consider.